1. Ubucukuzi bw'ubwubatsi
Gucukura ahazubakwa, gucukura umwobo wamazi nyuma yimvura, icyatsi kibisi, hamwe nubucukuzi bwa gaz gasanzwe nimpamvu nyamukuru zitera iryo hagarika. Muri kilometero 1 ziherezo, aho binjirira, inkingi zinyura, umuyoboro w'imbere hamwe n'ahantu ho guhindukira hagomba kugenzurwa kugirango hirindwe izindi ngingo zimeneka.
Ubushobozi bwo kugera ahakosowe vuba bishoboka ni ikintu cyingenzi mugukurikirana igihe cyo gusana amakosa. Itsinda ryubwubatsi rimaze guca no kuzuza umugozi wa optique, bizagorana cyane gusana amakosa.
Niba amariba akikije imiyoboro yashyinguwe cyangwa imiyoboro yangiritse, menya inzira yigihe gito kandi wongere umugozi wa optique wo gusana ibyihutirwa byihuse. Ibintu kurubuga biragoye, niba bidashoboka kumenya gahunda yihuse kandi ikora neza, mugihe abakozi bahagije kurubuga, gahunda nyinshi zizashyirwa mubikorwa icyarimwe. Niba ibikoresho byo gucukura nk'amasuka na paki zo mu mahanga byateguwe byuzuye nabyo ni kimwe mubintu by'ingenzi bibuza igihe cyo gusana. Kugira ngo wirinde kurema ingingo nshya zo kunanirwa, gucukura imashini ntibigomba gukoreshwa kurubuga bishoboka.
Gukemura ibibazo bimaze kurangira, ibuye ryerekana ibimenyetso bigomba gushyirwa kumurongo kugirango urinde insinga ya optique ihuza agasanduku. Nta nzira yigihe gito yimurwa, kandi abakozi bagomba guhabwa ikimenyetso kurubuga.
2. Ikinyabiziga kimanikwa
Niba aho byananiranye biri hakurya y'umuhanda, abashinzwe gusana byihutirwa bagomba gushyira ikimenyetso cyo kuburira nyuma yo kugera aho byabereye, bagashyiraho umuntu udasanzwe wo kuyobora ibinyabiziga, kurinda umutekano bwite w'abakozi basana mugihe cyo gusana kandi bakirinda guhagarika kabiri. y'umugozi wa optique mugihe cyo gusana.
Mugihe uhuye nikibazo cya optique yamanitse, ugomba kubanza gukora ikizamini cyerekezo cyerekezo kuri optique mugihe cyo kunanirwa na OTDR hanyuma ukareba inkingi zambukiranya, agasanduku gahuza, kubika, nibindi. murwego. Inkingi 3 kugeza kuri 5 kumpera zombi zo kuruhuka kugirango turebe niba hari insinga nziza. Amashanyarazi yamenetse, reba niba hari izindi ngingo zangiritse, hanyuma ubifate byumwihariko.
Iyo ikinyabiziga kimanitswe, inkingi nintambwe bigomba kwitegura gushyigikira by'agateganyo umugozi wa optique uva kumuhanda. Nyuma yo gusana, kwambukiranya umuhanda bigomba kuzamurwa, uburebure bugasimburwa, kandi umuhanda ugomba gushyirwaho. ikimenyetso kigomba kuba gifatanye.
3. Umuriro
Kunanirwa kwa kabili byatewe numuriro mubisanzwe ntabwo bivamo icyarimwe guhagarika serivisi, kandi intangiriro-yibanze ni ikintu gisanzwe cyo kunanirwa umuriro. Abashinzwe gusana byihutirwa bageze aho byabereye, bazabanze bamenye uko byabereye, babanze bazimya umuriro, kandi barinde insinga yangiritse. buriwese, no kumenya insinga za optique nikibazo cyo gusana amakosa. Mugihe ugeze kurubuga rwamakosa, ntukihutire kugabanya imbaraga zumurongo wa fibre optique, cyane cyane ntugabanye imbaraga nyinshi za fibre optique icyarimwe. Mugihe cyo gukata, birakenewe gushiraho impera zombi zumuriro, kugirango byorohereze gusana no kugurisha udahuza umugozi wa optique utari wo.
Ubu bwoko bwo kunanirwa bwerekana ko ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwangiritse igice cya optique cyaciwe mbere yo kugurisha, kugirango wirinde gukora insinga yangiritse nyuma yo kugurisha itangiye.
4. Kanda inkingi y'amashanyarazi
Umugozi wa optique wahagaritswe kubera imodoka yo kubaka ibinyabiziga ikubita inkingi y'amashanyarazi. Nyuma yo kugera aho byabereye, shyiramo ibyapa byo kuburira, usibe ahantu h'umutekano kugirango bisanwe byihutirwa, utegure abakozi badasanzwe bigisha abanyamaguru banyuze, kandi ukore ibizamini byinzira ebyiri kuri kabili optique mugihe cyo gusana byihutirwa kugirango urebe niba hari izindi ngingo zimena. Gusana birarangiye, inkingi yamenetse igomba gusimburwa vuba bishoboka kandi igasiga irangi ryo kuburira.
Mugihe cyo gusana ubu bwoko bwamakosa, witondere gukoresha OTDR kugirango ukore ibizamini byinzira ebyiri hanyuma urebe aho unyuze hejuru, agasanduku gahuza kandi ubike hagati yinkingi 3-5 kumpande zombi zimena kugirango urebe niba hari ibyangiritse kuri optique ntayindi ngingo yangiritse, ihita ikemurwa byumwihariko.
5. Ubujura no kwangiza
Abagizi ba nabi baca nabi cyangwa bangiza umugozi wa optique, bituma uhanuka. Nyuma yubu bwoko bwo kunanirwa bubaye, ikizamini cyerekezo cya kabili optique kigomba gukorwa mbere mugihe ugeze ahabereye. Kunanirwa guterwa nubujura mubisanzwe bibera ahantu hitaruye, kandi hariho aho bihurira, kandi biroroshye kubibona. Mugihe cyo gusana, ibuka kugenzura niba hari izindi ngingo zacitse mukarere gakikije. Tangira kugurisha kandi wongere umugozi wa optique muntambwe imwe, kugirango wirinde guhura nokumena nyuma yo kugurisha birangiye.
Icyibandwaho cyo kwangiza abantu nikibazo cyoroshye-gukoraho mumashanyarazi ya optique. Kuberako insinga zimwe za optique zahagaritswe gusa igice, biragoye kubona amanota yo gutsindwa mugihe gito. Tegura abakozi kurubuga kugirango bafatanye nabakozi bipimisha mucyumba cyibikoresho kugirango bamenye aho umugozi wamashanyarazi uhagaze. Nyuma yo kumenya umwanya wumugozi wamashanyarazi mbere na nyuma yo gutsindwa (birasabwa muri metero 100), hita ushyira umugozi wa optique kugirango usimbuze icyaciwe. Hatitawe ku bujura cyangwa kwangiza, bigomba kumenyeshwa polisi vuba bishoboka.
6. Kuruma imbwa, kurumwa n'imbeba, ibisiga by'inyoni, amasasu, n'ibindi.
Ubu bwoko bwo kunanirwa ni ibintu bito bishoboka, kandi gushimangira igenzura rya buri munsi no kurinda umugozi wa optique birashobora gukumira ibyo kunanirwa. Mu cyiciro cyambere cyamakosa nkaya, inyinshi murizo-shingiro. Iyo serivise itagize ingaruka nke, ibanza gusimbuka intangiriro kugirango igarure serivise hanyuma ibone kandi ibone aho yananiwe. Bitewe ningorabahizi zo kumenya amakosa, insinga ya fibre optique isanzwe ikosorwa no kuyisimbuza no gukata.
7. Intangiriro isenyuka bisanzwe kubera gusaza
Kubera ko fibre optique ikozwe mubirahuri na plastike, biroroshye. Mubyigisho, umunaniro uhoraho uzaba mugihe kandi fibre optique izasaza buhoro buhoro kandi itume fibre naturel yameneka. Mugukoresha nyabyo insinga za optique, hari ibice bike byinsinga za optique hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi bwimyaka irenga 15, bityo rero amahirwe yo gusaza kwa fibre naturel ni make. Imbaraga zo hanze ya kabili ya optique yarangiritse, enapsulation yisanduku igabanijwe ntabwo isanzwe, disiki ya fibre splicing ntabwo yujuje ibyangombwa, kandi ireme ryiza ni ribi.
Iyo bigeze kunanirwa, intangiriro iragarurwa hanyuma umugozi wa optique ugasanwa no gusimbuza (gusana) gukata.
8. Ibiza
Hashingiwe ku kurinda umutekano bwite, gusana byihutirwa bizarangira mugihe gito. Ku bijyanye n’ibiza byibasiwe n’ibiza, itumanaho rinini rya terefone igendanwa rishobora guhungabana. Abakozi bashinzwe gusana byihutirwa bagomba kuba bafite ibiganiro-bigendanwa cyangwa terefone zigendanwa zikoresha abantu benshi kugirango itumanaho ryorohe mugihe cyo gusana byihutirwa. inzira.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-18-2022
